[DRF] Serializer

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이 포스팅은 window, vscode 기준으로 작성되었습니다.

serializers.py 만들고 viwes.py 에 적용

## articles/serializers.py
from rest_framework import serializers
from .models import Article

class ArticleSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = Article
        fields = '__all__'

## articles/views.py
...
from articles.serializers import ArticleSerializer

@api_view(["GET", "POST"])
def index(request):
    articles = Article.objects.all()
    article = articles[0]
    serializer = ArticleSerializer(article[0])
    return Response(serializer.data)

만약 불러올 데이터가 여러개면 serializer에 many=True 옵션을 추가한다

## articles/views.py
@api_view(["GET", "POST"])
def index(request):
    articles = Article.objects.all()
    serializer = ArticleSerializer(articles, many=True)
    return Response(serializer.data)

POST로 데이터 추가하기

## articles/views.py
@api_view(["GET", "POST"])
def index(request):
    if request.method == "GET":
        articles = Article.objects.all()
        serializer = ArticleSerializer(articles, many=True)
        return Response(serializer.data)
    elif request.method == "POST":
        serializer = ArticleSerializer(data = request.data)
        if serializer.is_valid():
            serializer.save()
            return Response(serializer.data)
        else:
            return Response(serializer.errors)

근데 메세지 head부분에 보면 HTTP 200 OK로 되있다

200 OK가 아닌 다른 상태코드를 넣는것이 맞다

HTTP 상태 코드 추가하기

## articles/views.py
...
from rest_framework import status

@api_view(["GET", "POST"])
def index(request):
    if request.method == "GET":
        articles = Article.objects.all()
        serializer = ArticleSerializer(articles, many=True)
        return Response(serializer.data, status=status.HTTP_200_OK)
    elif request.method == "POST":
        serializer = ArticleSerializer(data = request.data)
        if serializer.is_valid():
            serializer.save()
            return Response(serializer.data, status=status.HTTP_201_CREATED)
        else:
            return Response(serializer.errors, status=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST)

게시글 상세 페이지

## articles/urls.py
urlpatterns = [
    path('index/', views.index, name='index'),
    path('<int:article_id>/', views.article_view, name='article_view'),
]

## articles/view.py
@api_view(["GET", "PUT", "DELETE"])
def article_view(request, article_id):
    if request.method == "GET":
        article = Article.objects.get(id=article_id)
        serializer = ArticleSerializer(article)
		    return Response(serializer.data)

만약 위 코드로 없는 article_id 를 요청하면

http://127.0.0.1:8000/articles/321/

이렇게 디버그가 뜨게 된다.

이걸 해결하는 방법은 여러개가 있지만 편한 방법은 아래와 같다

## articles/view.py
...
from rest_framework.generics import get_object_or_404

@api_view(["GET", "PUT", "DELETE"])
def article_view(request, article_id):
    if request.method == "GET":
        article = get_object_or_404(Article, id=article_id)
        serializer = ArticleSerializer(article)
        return Response(serializer.data)

만약 article_id에 해당하는 article이 없다면 404가 뜬다

article_view를 추가해서 상세보기, 수정, 삭제 구현하기

## articles/view.py
@api_view(["GET", "PUT", "DELETE"])
def article_view(request, article_id):
    if request.method == "GET":
        article = get_object_or_404(Article, id=article_id)
        serializer = ArticleSerializer(article)
        return Response(serializer.data)
    elif request.method == "PUT":
        article = get_object_or_404(Article, id=article_id)
        serializer = ArticleSerializer(article, data = request.data)
        if serializer.is_valid():
            serializer.save()
            return Response(serializer.data, status=status.HTTP_200_OK)
        else:
            return Response(serializer.errors, status=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST)
    elif request.method == "DELETE":
        article = get_object_or_404(Article, id=article_id)
        article.delete()
        return Response("삭제 완료", status=status.HTTP_204_NO_CONTENT)

views.py의 이름을 직관적으로 변경

## articles/urls.py
urlpatterns = [
    path('', views.articleAPI, name='index'),
    path('<int:article_id>/', views.articleDetailAPI, name='article_view'),
]

## articles/views.py
...
def articleAPI(request):
...
def articleDetailAPI(request, article_id):
...

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